The oceans cover 70.8 percent of planet Earth. Distinct boundaries
of oceans occur only where they border on continents, such as the
Arctic Ocean. Ocean boundaries in the Southern Hemisphere were
arbitrarily established. In that region, the Atlantic Ocean is
separated from the Pacific Ocean by a man-made line from Cape Horn
across Drake Passage to Antarctica. Similarly, the Pacific Ocean is
separated from the Indian Ocean by a string of islands extending
from the Straits of Malacca to Australia, and southward from
Tasmania to Antarctica. The four oceans contain various seas and
gulfs, although common usage has made the terms "seas" and "ocean"
interchangeable. Technically, a "sea" is a subdivision of an ocean.
The International Hydrographic Bureau in the Principality of Monaco,
which is the agency responsible for world standardization and
cooperation in the measurement and description of the physical
features of the ocean, has identified fifty-four different
seas.
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