Lesson 11: Milk and Eggs

Objective 4

• Identify proper selection, handling, storage and cooking techniques for eggs.

Another great source of protein is the egg. Though eggs are in a different food group than milk (eggs are in the Meat and Beans Group), they have similar characteristics to foods in the milk group. For example, eggs are low in cost and rich in nutrients. Eggs also require cooking at low temperatures for short amounts of time. The exception here: omelets can handle medium heat. Green eggs and ham? Eggs can have a green surface(scrambled) or ring(hard cooked) if overcooked. The white and yoke also toughen. Eggs and dairy products are often combined in meal planning: omelets, quiches, salads, and many breakfast combinations incorporate eggs and dairy products.

Eggs perform different functions in cooking and baking. Eggs can be a thickening agent in sauces, they aid in the leavening process in cookies and cakes, and they can add color to a food product such as lemon meringue pie. Eggs can also be used as a glaze for bread products, to add volume to an angel food cake, or as a binder in meatloaf. Whatever the use or function, make sure you follow recipes carefully for a successful end product. There is no nutritional difference between brown and white eggs. The color of egg is determined by the breed and diet of the hen. Other than color of shell, they are basically the same.

The egg white contains protein and water. The yolk contains protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, cholesterol and most of the calories. If you're trying to reduce fat in your recipes, you may substitute two egg whites for one whole egg. This substitution won't work on all recipes; just make sure you know the recipe and the egg function in it. It works well for omelets, brownies, cakes, and other baked goods.

Eggs, like other cooked or protein-rich foods, should not be out of the refrigerator for more than two hours. You take a risk of food poisoning if you leave them out longer. Keep this in mind when you have Easter egg hunts and get those "found" eggs in the refrigerator as soon as possible.

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